Archive for the ‘Climatology’ Category
Climate models fail to accurately represent the desirable individual clouds and the processes occurring in them because they lack the spatial resolution that would allow them to simulate properly.
Now, however, scientists have developed a new tool that will allow the clouds observed in the sky are better represented in climate models.
Traditionally, satellite observations of this kind allow us to infer the properties of clouds by light reflecting back into space, or the thermal emission of the planet. However, to use with the necessary precision satellite data in climate model evaluation, we need a tool that allows a more accurate comparison between the simulated virtual cloud and climate model cloud properties from satellite measurements. Read the rest of this entry »
Provide insightful information on the role of insoluble particles of dust in the formation of raindrops in the clouds could significantly improve the accuracy of regional climate models, especially in areas of the world that have significant amounts of mineral aerosols the atmosphere. A better understanding of this role could also be useful for global climate models.
The properties of clouds can have a significant influence on climate. Therefore it is very important to know in depth the climatic effects of aerosols such as dust, which is far from achieved, and in fact is one of the largest uncertainties in climate change models.
Scientists have long recognized the importance of soluble particles such as salt and sulphates, in the creation of droplets that form clouds and lead to precipitation. But so far, the role of insoluble particles, mostly windswept dust from places such as deserts, has had little presence in the climate models. Read the rest of this entry »
Some aspects of the link between decadal solar variability and winter weather in United Kingdom, Northern Europe and some regions of North America have been clarified.
The study, conducted from the British National Weather Service, and the specialists who worked at Imperial College London and University of Oxford, shows that the reduction of ultraviolet light from the sun can contribute to colder winters in many regions of the northern hemisphere. The harsh British winters in 2009-10 and 2010-11 are an example of this.
The years with increased ultraviolet radiation have the opposite effect. In previous studies we noted the connection between solar variability and winter weather, but new research by the team of Adam Scaife, Sarah Ineson and Joanna Haigh says this is not mere coincidence. Read the rest of this entry »
During the ice ages, not just the global climate was cooler but there was less atmospheric carbon dioxide. Since humans did not cause this change in the concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2), this implies that the carbon was absorbed by another tank.
An obvious place to look for the missing carbon is the sea, where it is stored more than 90 percent of the carbon potential mobility.
The Pacific Ocean is the largest in terms of volume. The deep water mass that has been longer isolated from the atmosphere and the richest in carbon is found today in the Northeast Pacific, so the researchers directed their efforts towards it. Read the rest of this entry »
Until now, many scientists believed that the sightings of triple rainbow were as fanciful as the myth of the end of the rainbow is a treasure hidden by an elf. These optical legendary rarities have been finally confirmed through the perseverance of photographers and a new weather model that provides the scientific basis can be found.
Raymond Lee, a professor of meteorology at the U.S. Naval Academy, it was who took those pictures, but made them possible. A year ago, Lee predicted triple rainbow what circumstances might appear, and encouraged hunters to find rainbows.
Although surprisingly rare, triple rainbow is a natural product of the combination of refraction, dispersion, and reflection within the drops of rain. These are the same processes that create all rainbows, but carried to an extreme situation, which can produce these variants as impressive. Read the rest of this entry »
In Australia, as in other nations, scientists are taking steps to improve long-term estimates of changes in wind speed. These estimates are vital to the rapid growth that is recorded in the use of wind energy, that serve to reduce the risk of build windmills on sites that are later found to be inadequate.
Some studies have predicted a decrease in wind speed in various parts of the world, including Australia. However, more recent research by the CSIRO results that in fact, for practical purposes for wind energy, the average speed of the wind in Australia is increasing.
A team of scientists from CSIRO marine and atmospheric research has completed a thorough analysis of observations about the speed of the wind, in order to be able to predict the long-term trends in the speed of the wind in Australia. Read the rest of this entry »
The global emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), which are the main cause of the global warming-up, it enlarged in 45 percent between 1990 and 2010, reaching 33,000 million tons, the highest quantity since the start of the Industrial Revolution.
This increase occurred despite reductions in emissions in several industrialized nations during the same period. The new report on long-term trend in global CO2 emissions, presented by the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission and the Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL) shows large differences between the industrialized countries. Read the rest of this entry »
For a long time, scientists have debated the impact on global climate could have the water that evaporates from vegetation. In a new research has concluded that this water helps to cool the Earth as a whole not only locally.
The study was carried out by the team of George Ban-Weiss, who was formerly at the Carnegie Institution for Science in the U.S., and is now at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in the same country. The members of the team include Long Cao, Julia Pongratz and Ken Caldeira of the aforementioned Carnegie Institute, as well as Govindasamy Bala of the Indian Institute of science.
Evaporative cooling is the process by which a local surface cools due to loss of energy that is used in the evaporative process. This energy, not to have been consumed in evaporation, would have promoted an increase in temperature on the surface. Read the rest of this entry »
A meticulous examination of the first direct and detailed climate record of the continental shelves around Antarctica reveals the last bastion of vegetation existed on this continent for about 12 million years in the form of tundra on the Antarctic Peninsula.
This new study led by researchers at Rice University and Louisiana State University, provide, through the analysis of fossil pollen, more detailed reconstruction of the date of the climatic history of Antarctica, which has warmed significantly in recent decades.
The rapid decline of glaciers on the peninsula has led to extensive discussion in the scientific community about how to react to the rest of the ice on the continent to the global rise in temperatures. Read the rest of this entry »
It has been discovered a high concentration of bacteria in the hail core particles, suggesting that microorganism in the air at sufficient altitude to be involved in this and other meteorological phenomena.
Alexander Michaud’s team of Montana State University in Bozeman, and Brent Christner of Louisiana State University, analyzed the hail of more than 5 centimeters in diameter, collected on campus after a storm in June 2010. Hailstones were separated into 4 layers and allowed to melt for water testing of every layer. The number of cultural bacteria was found to be high on the inner cores of condensation of hail. Read the rest of this entry »